The statement below is added to the beginning of the citation of US v Williams found on this site.
Can anyone point me to a case that involved a citizen empaneled GJ, one not empaneled by the courts, that returned an indictment or presentment that actually went to trial before a jury in open court?
"Thus, citizens have the unbridled right to empanel their own grand juries and present "True Bills" of indictment to a court, which is then required to commence a criminal proceeding. Our Founding Fathers presciently thereby created a "buffer" the people may rely upon for justice, when public officials, including judges, criminally violate the law."
"1 U.S. 35 (Dall.)
Respublica
v.
Abraham Carlisle
Court of Oyer and Terminer, at Philadelphia
September Sessions, 1778
This was an indictment for High Treason, which was set forth in the following words:
'The Jurors for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, upon their oaths and affirmations, do present, That Abraham Carlisle, late of the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia, carpenter; being an inhabitant of and belonging to and residing within the State of Pennsylvania, and under the protection of its laws, and owing allegiance to the same State,"
This case, as presented, states that it is an "indictment" by "The Jurors for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania." So this case being brought through an Indictment would have been brought before the GJ by the Prosecutor. Had it come before the Court as a "Presentment" it could have been originated by the GJ.
It also states the the Jury is "for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania," not the People. All of this would lead me to believe that the GJ was not empaneled by the People but rather by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania through it's Courts.
Excuse me for being slow, but what does all of the above have to do with citizens convening a GJ vs. our elected representatives convening a GJ that provided a presentment that resulted in charges being filed and heard before a trier of facts, a petit jury??
If a CLGJ were convened by the people, the prosecutor would not be present to bring an indictment, so there would not be an indictment, only a presentment resulting from the GJs investigations. In the cases you refer to, there was an indictment, so a prosecutor would have to be at the heart of the formation of the GJ. So what exactly do your citations have to do with the original question?
douglas Just an opinion, but the difference is the difference as to whether you ask the chickin or the fox who is going to be eaton.
This is a useless conversation.
Thank you
Title 18 & 42 clearly supports your interpretation of the law of the land.
Today former NSA Director William Binney was interviewed by Alex Jones (the replay of the conversation can be replayed at midnight eastern time, again at 4am, and 8am , a 40 minute segment, by dialing 605-475-5800) and it was revealed that President Trump requested the CIA director to consult with Binney . It was also revealed that the Russian/Trump conspiracy is a total fraud created by the higest levels of government and a media that wants only their narrative presented to the American Public. Binney described the Department of Justice as "the department of "JUST US" , and really just criminals out of control at the highest levels of government! Binney is a true American Hero and it should be known that as Director of Meta Data Collection for the NSA, just 6 weeks after 911, he resigned his position witnessing the government begin to massively collect data on all Americans violating half their Constitutional Rights of which honoring his oath of office, he could not participate any longer. For those wishing to discover other evidence of a narrative not presented by mainstream media check out : A good American . org of which Oliver Stone plays a part.
Today former NSA Director William Binney was interviewed by Alex Jones (the replay of the conversation can be replayed at midnight eastern time, again at 4am, and 8am , a 40 minute segment, by dialing 605-475-5800) and it was revealed that President Trump requested the CIA director to consult with Binney . It was also revealed that the Russian/Trump conspiracy is a total fraud created by the higest levels of government and a media that wants only their narrative presented to the American Public. Binney described the Department of Justice as "the department of "JUST US" , and really just criminals out of control at the highest levels of government! Binney is a true American Hero and it should be known that as Director of Meta Data Collection for the NSA, just 6 weeks after 911, he resigned his position witnessing the government begin to massively collect data on all Americans violating half their Constitutional Rights of which honoring his oath of office, he could not participate any longer. For those wishing to discover other evidence of a narrative not presented by mainstream media check out : A good American . org of which Oliver Stone plays a part.